Introduction
Washington generally has a straightforward process for purchasing firearms, with some key requirements and considerations. As of the current year, there are approximately 1,258 federally licensed firearms dealers (FFLs) located throughout the state, providing ample options for legal gun transfers and purchases.
FFL Transfer Process
In Washington, the purchase of any firearm, whether new or used, typically requires the involvement of a licensed FFL dealer. This dealer will facilitate the background check, paperwork, and legal transfer of the firearm to the buyer. The process generally includes the buyer completing ATF Form 4473, submitting to a federal background check, and finalizing the transfer at the dealer's licensed premises.
Background Check Requirements
All firearm purchases in Washington, including private sales, require a federal background check through the National Instant Criminal Background Check System (NICS). Additionally, Washington has its own state-level background check system that is integrated with NICS. Buyers must pass both the federal and state-level background checks to legally complete a firearm purchase.
Waiting Periods
Washington has a 10-day waiting period for the purchase of all handguns. This means that after initiating the background check process, the buyer must wait a minimum of 10 business days before the dealer can legally transfer the handgun. There is no waiting period for the purchase of long guns (rifles and shotguns).
Private Sales
In Washington, all private firearm sales and transfers, including those between individuals, must be conducted through a licensed FFL dealer. The dealer will facilitate the background check and paperwork required for the transaction. Private sales without an FFL transfer are generally not permitted.
Ammunition Purchase
There are no state-level requirements or restrictions on the purchase of ammunition in Washington. Buyers can generally purchase ammunition directly from any licensed dealer or retailer without additional paperwork or background checks.
Finding an FFL
When purchasing a firearm in Washington, it's important to choose a reputable and compliant FFL dealer. You can find a list of licensed dealers in your local area on our state directory page. It's always recommended to research and compare multiple dealers to find one that best suits your needs and provides a smooth transfer process.
FAQ
Do I need to use an FFL for private sales in Washington?
Yes, all firearm sales and transfers in Washington, including private party transactions, must be conducted through a licensed FFL dealer. The dealer will facilitate the required background checks and paperwork.
What is the waiting period for buying a gun in Washington?
Washington has a 10-business-day waiting period for the purchase of handguns. There is no waiting period for the purchase of long guns (rifles and shotguns).
Can I buy a handgun online and have it shipped to Washington?
Yes, you can purchase a handgun online and have it shipped to a licensed FFL dealer in Washington. The dealer will then facilitate the background check and transfer process.
Do I need a permit to buy a gun in Washington?
Washington does not require a separate permit or license to purchase firearms. However, you must pass the required federal and state-level background checks to legally complete a firearm purchase.
How old do I have to be to buy a gun in Washington?
The minimum age to purchase a long gun (rifle or shotgun) in Washington is 18 years old. The minimum age to purchase a handgun is 21 years old.
Can I carry a concealed firearm in Washington?
Washington issues concealed pistol licenses (CPLs) to eligible residents. To carry a concealed handgun in public, you must obtain a valid CPL from the state.
Do I need a license or permit to own a gun in Washington?
Washington does not require a license or permit to own or possess firearms. However, you must pass the required background checks to legally purchase a firearm.
Can I purchase an "assault weapon" in Washington?
Washington has certain restrictions on the sale and purchase of "assault weapons" and "large capacity magazines." It's recommended to consult with an FFL dealer or local authorities for the latest legal requirements.